What It Means to Be Having an Identity Crisis

What It Means to Be Having an Identity Crisis Theories Personality Psychology Print Identity Crisis How Our Identity Forms out of Conflict By Kendra Cherry facebook twitter Kendra Cherry, MS, is an author, educational consultant, and speaker focused on helping students learn about psychology. Learn about our editorial policy Kendra Cherry Reviewed by Reviewed by Amy Morin, LCSW on October 31, 2019 facebook twitter instagram Amy Morin, LCSW, is a psychotherapist, author of the bestselling book 13 Things Mentally Strong People Dont Do, and a highly sought-after speaker. Learn about our Wellness Board Amy Morin, LCSW on October 31, 2019 Plume Creative / Digital Vision / Getty Images More in Theories Personality Psychology Myers-Briggs Type Indicator Behavioral Psychology Cognitive Psychology Developmental Psychology Social Psychology Biological Psychology Psychosocial Psychology You have probably heard the term identity crisis  before and you probably have a fairly good idea of what it means. But where did this idea originate? Why do people experience this kind of personal crisis? Is it something confined to the teenage years? The concept originates in the work of developmental psychologist Erik Erikson, who believed that the formation of identity was one of the most important parts of a persons life. While developing a sense of identity is an important part of the teenage years, Erikson did not believe that the formation and growth of identity were just confined to adolescence. Instead, identity is something that shifts and grows throughout life as people confront new challenges and tackle different experiences. What Is an Identity Crisis? Are you unsure of your role in life? Do you feel like you dont know the real you? If you answer yes to the previous questions, you may be experiencing an identity crisis. Theorist Erikson coined the term identity crisis and believed that it was one of the most important conflicts people face in development. According to Erikson, an identity crisis is a time of intensive analysis and exploration of different ways of looking at oneself. Eriksons own interest in identity began in childhood. Raised Jewish, Erikson appeared very Scandinavian and often felt that he was an outsider of both groups. His later studies of cultural life among the Yurok of northern California and the Sioux of South Dakota helped formalize Eriksons ideas about identity development and identity crisis. Erikson described identity as a subjective sense as well as an observable quality of personal sameness and continuity, paired with some belief in the sameness and continuity of some shared world image. As a quality of unself-conscious living, this can be gloriously obvious in a young person who has found himself as he has found his communality. Identity Status Theory Researcher James Marcia (1966, 1976, 1980) has expanded upon Eriksons initial theory. According to Marcia and his colleagues, the balance between identity and confusion lies in making a commitment to an identity. Marcia also developed an interview method to measure identity as well as four different identity statuses. This method looks at three different areas of functioning: occupational role, beliefs and values, and sexuality. Identity achievement occurs when an individual has gone through an exploration of different identities and made a commitment to one.Moratorium is the status of a person who is actively involved in exploring different identities but has not made a commitment.Foreclosure status is when a person has made a commitment without attempting identity exploration.Identity diffusion occurs when there is neither an identity crisis or commitment. Those with a status of identity diffusion tend to feel out of place in the world and dont pursue a sense of identity. Causes In Eriksons stages of psychosocial development, the emergence of an identity crisis occurs during the teenage years in which people struggle with feelings of identity versus role confusion. In todays rapidly changing world, identity crises are more common today than in Eriksons day. These conflicts are certainly not confined to the teenage years. People tend to experience them at various points throughout life, particularly at points of great change, including: Losing or starting a jobBeginning a new relationshipEnding a marriage or partnershipHaving a childLosing a loved oneMovingExperiencing a traumatic eventLearning about a health condition Identity crises are also common among people with mental illness, including depression, codependence, bipolar disorder, and borderline personality disorder. Why Many People With BPD Also Have Difficulty Finding Themselves Symptoms How can you tell if you’re having an identity crisis? While we all question who we are from time to time, you may be having an identity crisis if you are going through a big change or stressful time in life and the following questions begin to interfere with your daily life. Who am I? This question may be in general, or in regards to your relationships, age, and/or career.What are my values?What is my role in society or purpose in life?What are my spiritual beliefs?What am I passionate about? A Word From Verywell There’s a good reason to overcome an identity crisis. Researchers have found that those who have made a strong commitment to an identity tend to be happier and healthier than those who have not. Exploring different aspects of yourself in the different areas of life, including your role at work, within the family, and in romantic relationships, can help strengthen your personal identity. Consider looking within to figure out the qualities and characteristics that define you and make you feel grounded and happy as well as your values, interests, passions, and hobbies.

Statement Of The Problems Finance Essay - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 3 Words: 912 Downloads: 8 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Finance Essay Type Narrative essay Did you like this example? This paper is to test the relationship between management compensation and the dividend payout and the effect of public ownership, state ownership as well as family ownership will be taken into consideration. Dividend policy has long been a difficult task for the directors since it will be influenced by different factors. Different research papers have developed different models for the firms to apply a comprehensive dividend policy. Bhattacharyya and Morrill have figured out a negative relationship between management compensation and dividend payout by incorporating the US firms data into their analysis. However, the corporation feature of US firm is not diversified and complicated as Hong Kong and Chinese firms listed on the Asian stock market. Thus, this paper will perform an empirical research by adopting the Hong Kong and Chinese firms data to investigate the relationship between management compensation and dividend payout. Literature review Br ealy and Myers (2003) have revealed that dividend policy is one of the ten important unsolved problems in the finance society. Up till now, we still not yet fully understand the factors which are influential to the dividend policy. There have been different researches investigating the relationship between dividend policy and the other components. There are several ways to distribute the dividends. In normal practice, most of the corporations would choose to declare cash dividend or stock repurchase. Souml;hnke M. Bartram, Philip Brown, Janice C.Y. How, and Peter Verhoeven has investigated roles of the firms and country level agency conflicts in determining the dividend policy. They found out the relationship between the protection level of the country and the dividend policy; and a negative relationship between investment opportunities and total payouts. That means in a high protection country, shareholders are more willing to receive less dividend for a better investment opport unity. Also, in 2001, Fenn and Liang have showed that management stock options and payouts are negatively correlated and there is a positive relationship between repurchases and management stock options. However, in the last two decades, Chun Chang (1993) suggested that there is a positive linkage between the management compensation and the payout because it can be used to eliminate managers incentive to overretain funds and overspend. In 1987, Lewellen, W. G., C. Loderer, and K. Martin have found the executive pay is systematical to the dividend payout, which the result is consistent with Healys (1985) observation. In 2003, Bhattacharyya has developed a model of dividend policy which elaborates the linkage between dividend and executive compensation based in the principal-agent paradigm. In his model, cash will either by distributed by directors/managers as dividend or re-invested by directors/managers in some positive net present value projects. There will be two class ifications to distinguish different types of managers: High quality and low quality. His model assumes that high quality directors would invest the cash in some net present value projects while low quality directors would distribute cash in form of dividend to the shareholders. In other words, high productive directors getting higher pay would distribute fewer dividends than low productive directors getting lower pay. Empirically, it proved that there has been a negative relationship between management compensation and dividend payout. In 2008, Bhattacharyya and Morrill have conducted a tobit regression test using the US firms data to develop a more formal model related to the management compensation to the proportion of earnings paid out as dividends and document empirical support for the hypothesis arising from the previous model. The result has perfectly revealed that management compensation and dividend payout are negatively correlated. However, it is difficult to judge wh ether those research can be applied to either Asian countries or Hong Kong because they are based on the foreign market data. The typical features of Hong Kong and Asian countries should be state-ownership and family ownership corporations. There are limited papers discussing about the relationship between the management under different ownership types and dividend payout. Most of the researches are based on the data extracted from the US firms (Publicly ownership). In 2003, Klaus Gugler found that state-controlled firms have large target payout ratios while family-controlled firms have a lower one but the data is based on foreign stock market. Objective of the study Dividend policy is a fundamental strategy in corporate finance because it is influenced by different unknown factors and will influence other components accordingly. A comprehensive payout policy would contribute to a better corporation performance in the future and present. At the same time, management compensati on policy would also affect the overall performance of the corporation. With an appropriate compensation policy and payout, the corporation would be able to have a better performance as well as to attract more investors. Thus, it is essential for us to understand the relationship between payout and management compensation. Although there are researches discussing about its relationship, there are limited researches investigating into the Hong Kong and Asian market. It is difficult to judge the appropriateness of Bhattacharyyas model as it is based on the US firms data. The objective of this paper is to investigate whether the Bhattacharyyas model and the former research papers can be applied to the Hong Kong and Asian markets which are very different from US firms. This paper conducts an empirical research by using Hong Kong listed corporations (majority) and the other significant Asian listed corporations to test if management compensation alone, management compensation of a sta te-controlled corporation or management compensation of a family controlled corporation will affect the payout ratio. Statement of hypotheses Methodology Time schedule/action plan Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Statement Of The Problems Finance Essay" essay for you Create order

Marijuana Advantage and Disadvantages - 1760 Words

Abstract People should pay attention to the controversy about marijuana. Marijuana may not kill in a situation such as an automobile accident. In this paper it talks about the risks and benefits of using marijuana. Suicide, mental disorders, and worse depression can be bigger risks of using marijuana. All together marijuana can be less dangerous than other things such as alcohol and other drugs The medical benefits of marijuana are very helpful. Marijuana can relieve the pain of AIDs, multiple sclerosis, and the pain of heavy chemotherapy. It relieves the pain of glaucoma on the eye. Prohibition is similar to the controversy about marijuana. Many wanted alcohol outlawed just like marijuana. Even though alcohol was prohibited there were†¦show more content†¦The only exceptions were for medical and religious use. Prohibition used to be a major reform movement from 1840 to 1920. The reform was sponsored by evangelical protestant, Methodist, Baptist, Disciple, and Congregationalist churc hes. Kansas and Maine adopted this reform early. In 1847, the Women’s Christian Temperance Union would be founded founded, in which the Prohibition party used to be a major player until the 20th century when the movement was taken over by Anti-Saloon League. Prohibition was instituted with ratification of the Eighteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution on January 16, 1919. Congress passed the Volstead Act on October 28, 1919, to enforce the law, but most large cities would be uninterested in enforcing the legislation, leaving an understaffed federal service to go after bootleggers. Although alcohol consumption did decline as a whole, there was a rise in alcohol consumption in many cities along with significant increases in organized crime related to its production and distribution. The sale of alcohol would be illegal, but alcoholic drinks could still be widely available. People also kept private bars to serve their guests. Large quantities of alcohol could be smuggled in from Canada, overland, by sea along both ocean coasts, and via the Great Lakes. The government cracked down on alcohol consumption on land within the U.S. It would be a different story on the water where vessels outside the 3 mile limit would be exempt. LegalShow MoreRelatedAdvantages And Disadvantages Of Using Marijuana1063 Words   |  5 PagesMarijuana usage has several advantages and disadvantages. Starting off with the advantages, one of the primary reasons as to why marijuana use is so prevalent is because it helps the users relieve stress from school, work, and other responsibilities in their life. From personal experience, I’ve dealt with stress ranging from academic work to relationships, so I know how difficult it is to juggle so many things at once. Another advantage of mari juana use is that the THC chemical causes the brain toRead MoreAdvantages And Disadvantages Of Cannabis Legalization1614 Words   |  7 PagesTitle Page Assess the advantages and disadvantages of Cannabis Legalization in Australia Contents Title Page 1 Introduction: 3 Cannabis dugs: 3 Use of Marijuana in Australia: 4 Advantages of Cannabis legalization in Australia: 5 Disadvantages of Cannabis legalization in Australia: 5 Conclusion: 7 References: 8 Introduction: Currently drug abuse is the issue that has plagued almost all the societies in the world. This problem poses serious threat to the life of peopleRead MoreShould Cannabis Be Legalised?1595 Words   |  7 PagesShould cannabis be legalised in Australia? Your response should provide a considered discussion of the advantages and disadvantages of both legalisation and criminalisation which shows evidence of wide and varied reading. Cannabis originated from Central Asia generations ago, with references to Cannabis dating back to medical and religious Chinese and Indian texts. Cannabis was also used in the West as hemp fibre, for industrial purposes, before it was used for medical use by W.B. O’ShaughnessyRead MorePersuasive Essay About Marijuana1073 Words   |  5 Pagesmisconception about Marijuana that a variety of people believe. This is because they do not know the history of it and what is in the Marijuana that makes it, what people say is â€Å"addictive.† They also probably do not know that there are disadvantages and advantages of using Marijuana. At the end of the day, it is really the choice of the user. But people should become more aware of where Marijuana originated from, what it is made from and the pros and cons of smoking it if they choose to. Marijuana has a longRead MoreShould Marijuana Be Legalized? Essay1223 Words   |  5 Pagesthat the marijuana industry has had on the economies of the states which have legalized recreational marijuana use for consumers over the age of 21. Many predictions were made referring to the outcome of marijuana legalization, however, most predictions made did not foretell the actual outcome. The act of legalization in the state of Colorado has yielded many advantages in the field of marketing. With these advantages, however, come many disadvantages. This study will identify how marijuana legalizationRead MoreThe Risk Of Legalization Of Marijuana Essay722 Words   |  3 PagesThe risk of Legalization of Marijuana Marijuana, as we know, is a kind of drug. According to Thompson (2015), marijuana is not only one kind of drug, but also can be used as a medicinal material. The reason it can be a medicinal substance is that marijuana has a curative affect of relieving pain. Despite different states having a variety of regulations about the usage of marijuana, there is always one rule that is unified, which is the medicinal usage of marijuana must be approved by the FDA—theRead MoreINTRODUCTION Marijuana is a dried out weed that mixes the leaves, stems and even the flower of1100 Words   |  5 PagesINTRODUCTION Marijuana is a dried out weed that mixes the leaves, stems and even the flower of cannabis, or the hemp plant, which is then taken into the body by either smoking or eating. Marijuana was invented in 2737 B.C in china where it was used as treatment for malaria and absent- mindedness; it then got to United Kingdom in Jamestown in 1611, which was then seen as a cash crop. Marijuana is seen to be one of the most dangerous and addictive drugs in the United Kingdom. The amount of young teenagersRead MoreShould Marijuana Be Legalized? Essay1587 Words   |  7 Pages Legalization of Marijuana Marijuana is not a recent discovery, but the mysteries surrounding the controversial topic in question remains to be disputed since its prohibition. Classified as an illegal substance, cannabis has been restricted in Canada and around the world. Marijuana is a complex drug and its contradictory claims of medical purposes, and harmful destruction, fuel the debate on whether or not the legal constraints of consuming marijuana should be reconsidered. In consideration of academicRead MoreWhat are the benefits and drawbacks of legalising marijuana964 Words   |  4 Pagesï » ¿Marijuana is the most extensively used illicit drug in the world, which is a controlled substance, and it is illegal to produce, use, and distribute in most countries. Despite this, marijuana has been legalised in some areas of Australia (Joffe Yancy, 2004). Consequently, the debate about legalising marijuana has been discussed over decades. Legalising marijuana not only has benefits but also drawbacks. Some belie ve that the drawbacks of marijuana outweigh the benefits, while others oppose thisRead MoreLegalisation Debate1280 Words   |  6 PagesShould cannabis be legalised in Australia?   Your response should provide a considered discussion of the advantages and disadvantages of both legalisation and criminalisation, which shows evidence of wide and varied reading. Cannabis, through the decades has changed dramatically from being an ancient herbal medicine to an illicit drug. Cannabis originated from Central Asia and was used as a healing agent, during rituals and as a spiritual euphoria. However, in most western countries this drug has

Humans, Omnivorous or Vegetarians Free Essays

Some people are ‘meat lovers’ while others fiercely reject the idea of humans eating meat. Perceptions and love/hate for meat vary according to each ideological frame and culture. However, this informative essay will not address the perceptions and preferences that people might have. We will write a custom essay sample on Humans, Omnivorous or Vegetarians or any similar topic only for you Order Now It depends on a scientific debate with those who think that prehistoric man was vegetarian in nature and therefore humans should not eat meat and those who think that humans have always been omnivorous which means that we can eat seeds, grains, plants, fruits, but also animals.Through this essay I will defend that it is normal and natural that humans eat meat, in contrast with the vegetarian’s arguments, however it is healthier if we do not eat great amounts of meat per week. An argument defending human as vegetarian is centered on the characteristics of the human body compared to carnivorous animals. It argues that because humans don’t have claws or pointed teeth we shouldn’t eat meat. However, I found that the digestive and dental system of homo sapiens serves as an example on omnivorous adjustment because the incisor teeth and canine are good to tear cooked meat into pieces, whereas the molars are needed to grind vegetable matter. Furthermore, vegetarians argue that carnivorous animals have smaller intestines than humans because raw meat needs to be defecated faster, so it won’t turn bad before it can be digested. However one argument to counter this position is that humans can’t be totally vegetarian either because plant material containing fiber and cellulose cannot be efficiently broken down by the enzymes our stomachs secrete and because humans have simple-chamber stomach while herbivores have multiple-chamber stomach. This reinforces the argument that humans are omnivorous because our bodies are not totally prepared for such big amounts of meat, like carnivorous animals, nor for all kinds of plants. Rather we should have a balanced meal. Another argument sustained by vegetarians is that the man came before the fire and therefore humans only ate fruits and vegetables. Further that human disguise the meat with culinary preparations because â€Å"we cannot tolerate raw meat†. However, I found out that It all depends on a matter of evolution and adaptability. If we go back thousands of hundreds years ago when humans where similar to chimpanzees, maybe the vegetarian argument is true: humans were vegetarian. But with the same logic as we started walking on two feet because it became a necessity, our body adapted to eat meat when frost came over and eliminated all plants and fruits. Therefore, humans evolved. Homo sapiens started using pointed weapons so claws fell to disuse, homo sapiens discovered fire and found out that it made the meat softer so our canines got smaller. Our molars got flatter because of the cooked-meat diet, as well as the infusion of fruits, nuts and veggies. Furthermore, the vegetarian argument that â€Å"everything that the human body needs can be found in natural vegetation†, does not mean that we are, in fact, vegetarian. Rather it means that if one person decides to be a vegetarian, he/she can survive without the proteins provided by meat. Therefore, being vegetarian is a personal decision, not a fact applying for everyone. One should decide consciously what type of food you want to eat, but bearing in mind that eating meat is not a bad thing for our body per se because our body is prepared to it, along with fruits and vegetables. Most uninformed vegetarians argue that meat is causing health issues, but the truth is that the today’s growing population is demanding great amounts of food focusing on quantity over quality. Many animals are been feed with steroids while fruits are been cultivated with chemical substances. How to cite Humans, Omnivorous or Vegetarians, Essay examples

Why did support for the Whigs decline in the years 1832- 1841 free essay sample

After the Whigs electoral victory of 1832, how was it that the Tories were able to win the election in 1841, there were many factors that contributed to the enormous decline in Whig support during the reform years. The Whigs were running out of ideas by 1835. There was increasing economic depression, defections to the other side of the House occurred, the Whig ministries witnessed the rise of public pressure groups, the Whigs were viewed as being cynical and devious after the Litchfield House Compact. In comparison, the Conservative Party’s strength showed a huge increase after the passing of the Reform Act due to party organization under the Carlton Club and Registration Societies, the strength of Peel as a politician and the Conservatives willingness not to use their power and influence in the House of Lords unconstitutionally. A substantial reason for the unpopularity of the Whigs was the limitations of the Great Reform Act of 1832. We will write a custom essay sample on Why did support for the Whigs decline in the years 1832- 1841? or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The reform act did very little to appease the working class and was referred to as ‘The Great Betrayal†. Now voters were required to possess a property worth ten pounds, which at the time was actually quite a substantial amount, which not many working classes would have. So this just further aggravated the divide between the middle class and working class, which helped give rise to the Chartist Movement. Initially, the Whigs had won the political battle over the 1832 Reform Act as a result of nationwide confrontation with the Tories and the House of Lords. However, Earl Greys successor, Lord Melbourne relaxed the aggression of the reformation programme and towards their last few years as the ruling government, the Whigs lost many opportunities to improve social conditions in towns and working conditions in factories and had no further resolved the issue of Free Trade until 1841. So this points towards the fact that the Whigs were simply not willing to reform anymore. Their new attitude was not popular with the British population and was proven lethal in the long run. Lord Melbourne was opposed to some of the measures being advocated by some of the more radical Whigs such as Lord John Russell and Henry Brougham. This included the proposal for the secret ballot and the idea of state education. However Russell, the Home Secretary, did manage to introduce some legislation. His first measure concerned the reform of local government. For many years most English towns were under the control of a self-elected body of aldermen and councilors. But with the Municipal Corporations Act, these men now had to be elected by the whole body of ratepayers. Bu this act wasn’t very popular because the Act did not compel the new councils to make social improvements and many towns failed to apply for incorporation because the procedure was too complicated and too expensive. In 1848 there were still sixty-two large towns without councils. The Act mainly benefited the middle classes. Very few workingmen were wealthy enough to be ratepayers, so genuinely the act didn’t help much with the Whigs popularity. Many landowners were alarmed by the reform of the Church of England in the 1830s such as the Marriage Act 1836 and feared further concessions after the Litchfield House Pact of 1835. More importantly, the landed classes tightened up in their defense of the Corn Laws, which they considered essential to maintaining the prosperity of farmers. In addition an Anti-Poor Law campaign led by Tory radicals was in full swing throughout the north of England. Such agitation created a revolutionary atmosphere in the country, which the Whigs could not handle and consequently were seen as being weak as they did not deal harshly with the Chartists. Agitation against the new Poor Law had also been building up, since the Whigs passed the legislation in 1834. Initially most of the public had received the Act favorably because the poor rates were low. Implementation in the north from the end of 1836 aroused serious and occasionally violent opposition, much of it organized by Tory radicals such as Richard Oastler and Sadler. These reformers, who were already prominent in the campaign for factory reform, provided an effective campaign against the new Act that the resistance in the south had lacked. The anti-poor law movement represented a new alliance between working and middle classes in the north, against the legislation; but there was also a local reaction against centralization that cut across class lines. By 1839, the campaign began to disintegrate as working class agitation was appeased by the continued use of outdoor relief and rivalries between middle class and working class elements of the  movement became visible. Increasingly Chartism attracted more radical supporters of the agitation. So the new poor law was a huge reason for the unpopularity of the Whigs and the opposition against legislations the Whigs had passed was growing. The anti-Poor Law attitudes that cultivated contributed significantly to an electoral alliance between Conservatives and Chartists. In addition, Chartist distaste for the Whig government had grown since 1839 with the attempted suppression of Chartism and the arrest of Chartist leaders. ‘Whig tyranny’ was a popular cry among Cha rtists, something that the Conservatives could and did exploit. Another problem the Whigs faced was that when they won the election in 1832, there a fear of revolution that had spread throughout Britain and had essentially helped them get into power. So as the threat revolution faded so did the landed classes support for the Whigs. So the main reasons the Whigs popularity declined eventually leading to the Tory’s win of the election in 1841, was the general disappointment with their overall ‘attempts’ at reforms and the divide within the Whig party itself, which didn’t exactly promote efficiency. But the increasing strength of the conservative party was also a major issue in the Whigs downfall. The conservatives were more organized and were seen as the ‘law and order’ party’. So maybe their decline in popularity wasn’t solely due to their own mistakes, but rather them having to deal with new issues that no one really new how to fix them e.g. economic depression, By Jocelyn Jarman

The eNotes Blog The Love Lives ofAuthors

The Love Lives ofAuthors Love is dangerous- best to leave it to the experts. Spend your Valentines Day living vicariously through these writers and their passionate love lives. Because lets face it, youd rather be draped in chocolate wrappers than a volatile amour, right? Just me? Lord Byron Image via Mental Floss The 6th Baron Byron was a Romantic with a capital R, but that doesnt mean he was particularly gentlemanly. His first partner in scandal, Lady Caroline Lamb, described him aptly when she professed he was mad, bad, and dangerous to know. Indeed, she was just one of many public conquests that rocked British society, several of which produced children. Only one of these was legitimate, the Honorable Augusta Ada Byron, also known as the  co-creator of the first computer, Ada Lovelace. Others, save for a daughter he had with Mary Shelleys sister, were never proven or recognized by Byron. In essence, he was a cad with a weakness for women, or so we can assume from his poem  Don Juan.  I mean, not even  his own half-sister  was off-limits to him. But still some come to his defense. Poet Katha Pollitt excused Byrons bad boy behavior with an interesting take on his contribution to feminism:  Ã¢â‚¬Å"Byron’s great insight, in an era where women were expected to be placid and insipid (not that they were!), was to see that women were much like men: They wanted sex and went after it eagerly, if secretly.† William Butler Yeats Image via The Poetry Foundation Its never too late to find love, or in Yeats case lust. The Irish poet was already in his fifties when he proposed to and married twenty-five year-old Georgie Hyde-Lees. It only took until their honeymoon for him to regret this decision, though they stayed married for the duration of his life and shared two children. Obviously a pragmatic and forgiving woman, Georgie wrote to her husband,  When you are dead, people will talk about your love affairs, but I shall say nothing, for I will remember how proud you were. Well, she was right: were still talking about his love life almost as much as his poetry, mostly because of the Lolita-esque nature of Yeats infidelities. At the age of sixty-nine Yeats underwent the Steinach operation, a procedure created to renew vigor in older men by increasing hormone production. It seemed to do the trick; for the last five years of his life he found poetic inspiration in the arms of numerous young women.  I find my present weakness made worse by the strange second puberty the operation has given me, the ferment that has come upon my imagination. If I write poetry it will be unlike anything I have done. So I guess were thankful for his lasciviousness?   Ick. W. H. Auden Image via Inside the Apple In 1928 Auden was engaged to be married, to a woman. Such was expected of a closeted gay man of that time. So, in 1929 the poet embarked for a sojourn in Berlin, where he could openly gratify his homosexuality. His goal was to essentially binge until he outgrew such desires, but ten months later nothing had changed except his own view of his sexuality. He returned to England, broke off his engagement, and wrote six love poems in German. His journal of that time, discovered in 1990, reveals a poets typical tormented view of love: He noted in his 1929 journal that he liked to suffer and that he regarded suffering as part of his identity as an artist. He also observed in the journal that the torment of his homosexuality was, for him, one of its attractions; he associated mutual love with despair. Most likely, Audens views on Valentines Day and requited love wouldnt gel with your own. However, there is one thought from his diary I petition us all to take to heart: all bureaucrats should be obliged to prove that they have a happy love-life, and immigration officials most of all. H. G. Wells Image via The Victorian Web The writer of the famous  War of the Worlds appeared to also suffer a war with women, at least one woman in particular. Wells was married to his cousin Isabel when he fell in love with one of his students, Amy Catherine Robbins. Yet, this was not his greatest upset. After divorcing Isabel the author married Amy, who agreed to an open marriage. Wells proceeded to carry on affairs with prominent women, some of whom were activists and novelists. He had a daughter out of wedlock with the writer Amber Reeves and then a son with the feminist Rebecca West, who was twenty-six years younger than him, only nineteen at the time. She apparently expected Wells to leave his wife for her, which didnt happen, and their tempestuous love affair ended with an angry letter from West: When you said, â€Å"You’ve been talking unwisely, Rebecca,† you said it with a certain brightness: you felt that you had really caught me at it. I don’t think you’re right about this. But I know you will derive immense satisfaction from thinking of me as an unbalanced young female who flopped about in your drawing-room in an unnecessary heart-attack. Translation: Youre a jerk for making me feel like a crazy person. Basically the old-fashioned version of a break-up text. In his autobiography Wells confessed,  I was never a great amorist, though I have loved several people very deeply. Lets hope it soothed the burn. Want more author-related Valentines Day posts? Check out our most popular articles on the Top Ten Love Letters of Writers  and Top Ten Love Lines from Literature for Your Valentine.

Past, Present, and Future Are Simple Tenses

Past, Present, and Future Are Simple Tenses Simple tenses in English are used to make basic statements about habits, events that happened, or what will happen in the future.   Present Simple The present simple is used to express daily routines and habits. Adverbs of frequency such as usually, sometimes, rarely, and so on are often used with the present simple. This tense is often used with the following time expressions including adverbs of frequency: Always, usually, sometimes, etc.Every dayOn Sundays, Tuesdays, etc. Positive Subject present tense object(s) time expression Frank usually takes a bus to work.I cook dinner on Fridays and Saturdays.They play golf on weekends. Negative Subject do/does not (dont/doesnt) verb object(s) time expression They dont often go to Chicago.He doesnt drive to work.You dont usually get up so early. Question (Question Word) do/does subject verb object(s) time expression How often do you play golf?When does she leave for work?Do they understand English? The present simple is also used about facts that are always true. The sun rises in the east.Dinner costs $20.Speaking languages improves your chances to get a job. The present simple can also be used to speak about scheduled events, even if those events are in the future: The train leaves at 6 oclock.It doesnt begin until 8 p.m.The plane lands at 4:30. The present simple is also used in future time clauses to say when something will take place: We will have lunch when they arrive next week.What will you do after he makes his decision?They wont know the answer before she comes next Tuesday. Past Simple The past simple is used to express something that happened at a past point in time. Remember to always use a past time expression, or a clear contextual clue when using the past simple. If you do not indicate when something happened, use the present perfect for unspecified past. This tense is often used with the following time expressions: AgoIn year/monthYesterdayLast week/month/yearWe Positive Subject past tense object(s) time expression I went to the doctors yesterday.She bought a new car last week.They played tennis when they were in high school. Negative Subject did not (didnt) verb object(s) time expression They didnt join us for dinner last week.He didnt attend the meeting.I didnt finish the report two weeks ago. Question (Question Word) did subject verb object(s) time expression When did you buy that pullover?How often did you drive to Los Angeles?Did they study for the test yesterday? Future Simple The future with will is used to make future predictions and promises. Often the precise moment the action will occur is unknown or not defined. The future simple is also used to react to situations that happen at the moment. This tense is often used with the following time expressions: SoonNext month/year/week Positive Subject will verb object(s) time expression The government will increase taxes soon.She will give a presentation next week.They will pay for the course in three weeks.   Negative Subject will not (wont) verb object(s) time expression She wont help us much with the project.I wont help him with that problem.We wont buy that car. Question (Question Word) will subject verb object(s) time expression Why will they reduce taxes?When will this film end?Where will he stay next week?